The National Family Health Survey
Started in:- 1992-93
Purpose:- To collect reliable and up-to-date information on fertility, family planning, mortality and maternal and child health.
The National Family Health Survey-5(NFHS-5)
Conducted in:- 2019-20
- The NFHS-5 survey work has been conducted in around 6.1 lakh sample households from 707 districts of the country, covering 724115 women and 101839 men to provide disaggregated estimates up to the district level.
- According to NFHS-5 data, India officially hit a Total Fertility Rate(TFR) of 2.0 that indicates a decrease from the 2.2 in the NFHS-4.
- According to the UN Population Division, a TFR of about 2.1 children per woman is called replacement level fertility.
- Urban(TFR):- 1.6
- Rural(TFR):- 2.1
- An overall survey of the major difference between the NFHS-5 and NFSH-4 suggests that the use of contraceptives has improved from 53.5% to 66.7% and institutional births increased from 78.9% to 88.6%.
- Breastfed(Children under 6 months):- 54.9% to 63.7%.
- Anaemic children(6-59 months):- 58% to 67%
- Anaemic women(15-49 year):- 53% to 57%
- Anaemic men(15-49year):- 29% to 31%
- For the first time since the NFHS began in 1992, the proportion of women exceeded men: there were, 1020 women for 1000 men.(in NFSH-4, there were 991 women for every 1000 men)
- Sex ratio at birth for children born in the past five years only improved from 919 per 1000 males in 2015-16 to 929 per 1000.
- Most Indian states and UTs had more women than men, the NFHS-5 shows.
- The NFHS data also show that India is on its way to stabilizing its population with most states and UTs having a Total Fertility Rate(TFR) of less than 2. only six states:- Bihar, Meghalaya, Manipur, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh- have a TFR above 2.
- Bihar has TFR of 3 which, however is an improvement from the 3.4 of the NFHS-4.
